Reasons for the presence of steep mountains in the northeastern part of India
The rocks (mountains) of North East India have different times of origin from region to region The Meghalaya Plateau and the Mikir Hills of Assam are formed of ancient Gandwana rocks These rocks (mountains) are from the Archaean period The oldest rocks are the Shillong rocks, which are 2,450 million years old and were deposited on it in the Precambrian period Several igneous rocks were formed in the area towards the end of the Jurassic period.
The strong Hercynian movement during the Upper Carboniferous period brought about extensive changes in the region During this period, the Tethys Sea was formed between the Tibetan Plateau in the north and Ankaraland and Gandwanaland in the south, which was part of the Mediterranean Sea The Tethys Sea is a mountainous region of Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India The Patkai, Naga, Barail, Luchai, etc. mountains belong to this category
During the Upper Jurassic period, several large cracks formed on the southern side of the Shillong Plateau and these cracks ejected lava An ocean formed south of the Chittagong Luchai and Naga Mountains about 90/100 million years ago during the Cretaceous period and during the later Eocene period, mudstones fell from neighboring landmasses and accumulated layers in the ocean At some point during the Oligocene, the ocean was almost filled with sediment and these sediments rose from the seabed to form a land mass due to earthquakes towards the end of this period This land slowly settled again in the Miocene Therefore, sedimentation starts again and in some places sediment up to 3500 m thick is deposited Later, in the late Miocene, large-scale earthquakes began again, and the earthquakes during the formation of the Himalayas simultaneously emerged from the sea during the Tertiary period to form mountains During this time, it folds wide and steeply like the Surma Valley in the southern region and cracks in the highly pressured Naga Hills Similar pressure came from the North East in the Eastern Himalayas Thus, the Brahmaputra Valley left a southern region and formed large mountain ranges Therefore, it is important to understand the importance of these characteristics in the development of the mountains. Therefore, it is important to understand the importance of these characteristics in the development of the mountains However, the present mountains are the result of erosion by crumbling buildings, rain, wind, etc
The landscape of the mountains of Assam and the North East varies from place to place The Assam Himalayas are part of the Eastern Himalayas, also known as the Arunachal Himalayas It stretches from Bhutan to China for about 720 km The highest peak of the mountain is Namsabaroa in the Michimi Mountains at 7,756 m There are many glaciers and lakes These mountains are divided into Bhot, Aka, Dafla, Miri, Abar, Michimi, and Khamati according to the names of the tribes living at the foot of the Assam Himalayas In the northeastern part, the Assam Himalayas move south towards the Arakan Mountains in the south The interior of these mountains is composed of crystalline and metamorphic rocks and the southernmost part is composed of gedian rocks Such rocks are found in the Dafla Hills and Dihing Valley
There are several small hills in the southern part of the Brahmaputra Valley in Assam which is part of the Meghalaya Plateau and are therefore made of nice rocks
The Garu and Khasia Jaintia Hills, the North Kachar Hills, and the Karbi Hills are all part of the Meghalaya Plateau which is a special part of the Southern Plateau The average elevation of Garu Hills is 600 m There are several peaks higher than 1529 m including Narakek and Kailas The Khasia Hills have an average elevation of 1066 m Shillong Shang is 2011 meters high The Jaintia Hills are 900 m high on average To the southeast of this mountain is the Barail Mountain The average elevation of the Karbi Hills is 610 m Singhasan Peak is 1359 m high and Damuk Peak is 1363 m high
The mountains of southern Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram Hills, etc. are composed of Tertiary rock layers These are composed of sand, gravel, and mud The average elevation of the mountains in this region is about 915 m, although there are peaks higher than 1830 m The highest peak in the Naga Hills is Saramati at 3826 m and Japdo at 2,995 m to the west The mountains to the east and west of Manipur take the name of Luchai in the south and reach Myanmar through southern Kachar and Tripura
These mountains are located in the people of Assam and the North East and their culture, food, language, dress, climate.
Geographical Characteristics:
North-East India is characterized by its natural beauty and diversity. The region is characterized by mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, valleys, swamps, lakes, char-chapattis, etc.
Geographically, North East India can be divided into three parts. These include plateau regions, mountainous regions, and plains. The mountainous regions can be divided into highlands and mountainous regions.
Mountainous areas:
The entire Arunachal Pradesh is part of the Himalayas. The northern part is higher. In winter, the upper part of the area is covered with snow. Its mountains extend almost parallel from east to west. Similarly, large areas of Nagaland, Assam, Karbi Hills, and Manipur to the east are covered with mountains. These include the Patkai Hills and the Barail Hills. Mizoram also has many mountains.
The climate of North- East India:
The imaginary Cancer Equinox passes through Tripura and Mizoram in the south of northeastern India. Therefore, the region belongs to the tropical climate. It receives heavy rains due to the monsoon winds. Its climate is hot and dry with high humidity. However, the weather is somewhat dry in winter.
The climate of North East India is mainly influenced by the following factors.
1. 1. It is located in the hills, plateaus, and mountains of this region.
2. 2. Seasonal pressure variations over the Bay of Bengal.
3. 3. Influence of southwest monsoon winds and northeast monsoon winds.
4. The extensive water bodies and forests of the region.
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